Extreme Cold Temperatures in Southern Alberta

What You Need to Know
Southern Alberta is known for its dramatic weather changes, from hot summers to snowy winters – and winter is upon us. With the change in seasons comes the increasing likelihood of extreme cold temperatures, which can pose serious health risks if you are not prepared.
What are Extreme Cold Temperatures?
Extreme cold temperatures are defined as temperatures that fall far below the average for a particular area. In southern Alberta, this typically means that temperatures will dip below -20°C for extended periods of time. When you add in wind chill factors, the impact can be even more severe.

What Are the Health Risks?
Exposure to extreme cold can pose a number of health risks, including:
- Hypothermia: when your body temperature drops too low, leading to confusion, drowsiness, and even death in extreme cases.
- Frostbite: when your skin and other tissues freeze, causing damage and pain.
- Chilblains: a type of skin inflammation that can occur as a result of repeated exposure to cold temperatures.

Who is Most at Risk?
While anyone can be affected by extreme cold, some people are more vulnerable than others. These include:
- Elderly individuals
- Young children
- People who work outside for extended periods of time
- Those who have underlying medical conditions or take certain medications (such as beta blockers)

How Can You Stay Safe?
To stay safe during periods of extreme cold, it is important to prepare ahead of time. This may include:
- Dressing in layers: wearing layers of clothing can help you regulate your body temperature and keep you warm. Be sure to wear a hat, gloves, and thick socks too.
- Avoiding long exposure to the cold: if you do need to go outside, limit your exposure as much as possible. Take breaks indoors to warm up if needed.
- Checking on vulnerable individuals: if you know someone who is particularly vulnerable, such as an elderly neighbour, make sure they are okay during extreme cold spells.
- Preparing your home: make sure your home is properly insulated and that any heating systems are in good working order. This will help keep you warm and safe.

Extreme cold temperatures in southern Alberta can pose serious health risks if you are not prepared. By taking steps to dress warmly, limit exposure, look out for vulnerable individuals, and prepare your home, you can stay safe and healthy during even the most frigid temperatures.